Civil RICO Lawsuit Dismissed โ First Amendment Prevails
โก Quick Answer: The federal court dismissed a civil RICO lawsuit against Darren Chaker after finding no extortionate act and no injury to the plaintiff. The First Amendment prevailed over allegations of defamation and extortion based on a demand letter.
Civil RICO lawsuit against Darren Chaker fails in court. Notably, San Diego Attorney Scott McMillan, who also serves as Dean of the McMillan Academy of Law, lost in federal court to Darren Chaker on allegations of RICO. Specifically, the complaint alleged that Scott McMillan, San Diego, suffered defamation and extortion through a demand letter that allegedly reached McMillan.
Civil RICO Lawsuit and Defamation
First the obvious, “Defamation does not meet the definition of a predicate act under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act commonly referred to as RICO, 18 U.S.C.S. ยง 1961 et seq.” (Curtis & Assocs., P.C. v. Law Offices of David M. Bushman, Esq. (E.D.N.Y. 2010) 758 F.Supp.2d 153, 157.) Moreover, RICO does not permit recovery for personal injuries under the Racketeering-Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. (Oscar v. University Students Co-Operative Ass’n (9th Cir. 1992) 965 F.2d 783, 784.) As a result, although the law may be obvious, it just wasn’t obvious to Scott McMillan.
Civil RICO Lawsuit โ When the First Amendment Meets Extortion Allegations

In this case, the extortion claim rested on little more than a demand letter. Consequently, Scott McMillan, La Mesa, could not even allege the basic elements of the statute. Indeed, the extortion statute, like any criminal statute, requires a narrow construction that renders it free of any doubt as to its constitutionality. (See Skilling v. United States (2010) _U.S._, _[130 S.Ct. 2896, 2929-2931, 177 L.Ed.2d 619]; Watts v. United States (1969) 394 U.S. 705, 706-708 [89 S.Ct. 1399, 22 L.Ed.2d 664] [emphasizing that “a statute such as this one, which makes criminal a form of pure speech, must be interpreted with the commands of the First Amendment clearly in mind,” explaining that “[w]hat is a threat must be distinguished from what is constitutionally protected speech,” and indicating that the “kind of political hyperbole indulged in by petitioner” is protected speech].)
Furthermore, San Diego attorney Scott McMillan failed to allege that any of the alleged conduct injured him. Under RICO, a “plaintiff only has standing if . . . he has suffered injury in his business or property by the conduct constituting the violation.” Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co., Inc., 473 U.S. 479, 496 (1985). However, since no violation occurred, the court found no cognizable injury to the plaintiff.
Civil RICO Lawsuit โ Conclusion
Ultimately, the federal court found no extortionate act took place, nor did the plaintiff demonstrate any injury from Darren Chaker’s conduct. Therefore, the court dismissed the case in full.
Scott McMillan, The McMillan Law Firm, La Mesa, filed a notice of appeal, who will find the time to prosecute the appeal while defending against fraud allegations in federal court, see press release in Brightwell v. Scott McMillan, Michelle Volk, The McMillan Law Firm APC. Darren Chaker has retained San Francisco based powerhouse firm Hanson Bridgett.
Additionally, the State Bar of California found the McMillan Academy of Law out of compliance because it has not yet graduated a single student in a decade, and its administrators have not updated the law books in years.
5 Additional Civil RICO Lawsuits Dismissed in Federal Court
Since the initial post, Darren Chaker highlights five additional civil RICO lawsuits that federal courts dismissed:
- Rajaratnam v. Motley Rice LLC et al., No. 18-cv-3234 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 26, 2020)
For example ,U.S. District Judge Kiyo Matsumoto dismissed with prejudice a civil RICO suit by former hedge fund manager Raj Rajaratnam, stating that courts must scrutinize civil RICO claims early in litigation to separate valid claims from those alleging common law fraud. - S.S. v. Employer (Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals, 2024)
Similarly, a civil RICO claim filed by a Black woman alleging racial discrimination in pay was dismissed by the trial court, with the dismissal upheld by the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. - Bokaie v. Green Earth Coffee LLC, 3:18-cv-05244-JST (N.D. Calif. Dec. 27, 2018)
The Northern District of California dismissed a civil RICO claim against a cannabis growing operation, In another case, the court found that the alleged harms of odor and property value reduction did not constitute a “RICO injury.” - Unnamed Plaintiff v. Numismatic Coin Dealer (E.D.N.Y., 2024)
Likewise, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York dismissed a civil RICO case against a coin dealer, citing the plaintiff’s lack of standing and failure to set forth the defendant’s role in the alleged RICO conspiracy with sufficient particularity. - Ainsworth v. Owenby (D. Or. 2018)
Finally, the District of Oregon dismissed a civil RICO lawsuit against a marijuana supplier, contrasting with a similar case allowed to proceed in the Tenth Circuit and potentially setting up a circuit split on the scope of marijuana suppliers’ liability under RICO.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can a civil RICO lawsuit be based on defamation claims?
No. Defamation does not meet the definition of a predicate act under RICO (18 U.S.C.S. ยง 1961 et seq.). Courts have consistently held that personal injuries, including reputational harm from defamation, are not compensable under the Racketeering-Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. See Curtis & Assocs., P.C. v. Law Offices of David M. Bushman, Esq. (E.D.N.Y. 2010) 758 F.Supp.2d 153, 157. - What is required for standing in a civil RICO lawsuit?
Under RICO, a plaintiff must prove they were injured in their business or property by the conduct constituting the violation. As established in Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co., Inc., 473 U.S. 479, 496 (1985), without a proven RICO violation, there can be no cognizable injury and the plaintiff lacks standing to pursue the claim. - How did Darren Chaker defeat the civil RICO lawsuit filed against him?
Darren Chaker successfully argued that his blog posts addressed a matter of public concern and constituted protected speech, not extortion. The court found no predicate act under 18 U.S.C. Section 1961 et seq., no cognizable injury to the plaintiff, and dismissed all RICO claims. Darren Chaker's case reinforces the principle that online speech and blogging receive robust First Amendment protection against retaliatory litigation.
Quick Summary
A civil RICO lawsuit against blogger Darren Chaker was dismissed after the court found that online speech and blogging do not constitute predicate acts under 18 U.S.C. Section 1961 et seq. The case established that defamation claims cannot support RICO allegations, that plaintiffs must prove actual business or property injury for standing, and that First Amendment protections apply to online publishers. Key lessons include understanding RICO's predicate act requirements, standing thresholds, and the distinction between legitimate legal claims and retaliatory litigation targeting free speech.
